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Good Websites and Sources: Perry Visits Japan, a Visual History /japan/images U.S. MEIJI PERIOD (1868-1912) REFORMS, MODERNIZATION AND CULTURE MEIJI PERIOD (1868-1912) EMPEROR, LEADERS AND STATE SHINTO MEIJI RESTORATION: REBELLIONS, YOSHIDA SHION, SAKAMOTO RYOMA AND THE MEIJI EMPEROR JAPAN AND THE WEST DURING THE EDO PERIOD ĭECLINE OF THE TOKUGAWA SHOGUNATE LIFE IN THE EDO PERIOD (1603-1867) ĬULTURE IN JAPAN IN THE EDO PERIOD TOKUGAWA IEYASU AND THE TOKUGAWA SHOGUNATE ĮDO (TOKUGAWA) PERIOD (1603-1867) SAMURAI WARFARE, ARMOR, WEAPONS, SEPPUKU AND TRAINING SAMURAI: THEIR HISTORY, AESTHETICS AND LIFESTYLE
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RELATED ARTICLES IN THIS WEBSITE: MEIJI PERIOD AND BEFORE WORLD WAR II SAMURAI, MEDIEVAL JAPAN AND THE EDO PERIOD ĭAIMYO, SHOGUNS AND THE BAKUFU (SHOGUNATE)
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In March of 1854, the Tokugawa shogunate capitulated to all the American demands, signing the Treaty of Kanagawa with Perry.
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As he promised in his letter of July 14, 1853, however, he returned to Japan about six months later with a much larger and more intimidating fleet, comprising six ships with more than 100 mounted cannon. Perry stayed in Uraga for fewer than ten days in 1853, withdrawing to the China coast with his ships. For the Japanese, who had carefully regulated overseas contacts since the seventeenth century and whose technology could not compare to that displayed by the American squadron, Perry’s arrival and President Fillmore’s letter were unwelcome and ominous, even if not entirely unexpected. Upon seeing Perry's fleet sailing into their harbor, the Japanese called them the "black ships of evil mien (appearance)." Many leaders wanted the foreigners expelled from the country.Īccording to Columbia University’s Asia for Educators: “As expressed in a letter from President Fillmore to the Japanese Emperor, delivered by Perry to the worried Tokugawa officials who greeted him, the United States was eager to break Japan’s “seclusion policy,” sign diplomatic and commercial treaties, and thus “open” the nation to the Western world. On July 8, 1853, Perry, commanding a squadron of two steamers and two sailing vessels, arrived in Uraga harbor, near the Tokugawa capital of Edo (Tokyo) aboard the frigate Susquehanna and forced Japan to enter into trade with the United States. Perry's Black Ship In 1852, Commodore Matthew Calbraith Perry (1794-1858) of the United States Navy was dispatched to Japan by U.S. COMMODORE PERRY AND THE AMERICANS ARRIVES IN JAPAN
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